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   > Technology > Software of the CME6005
 
 

The Software of the CME6005

1. Description of decoding software for CME6005 in C-language
1.1. Control elements
1.2. Display elements
1.3. Definition of Software Modules
2. Flowchart of the software for the CME6005

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1. Description of decoding software for CME6005 in C-language  
     

All necessary constants, variables and function declarations are performed before program start.

char days_per_month[] = {0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}; /*days per month */
char program_tact; /*counter, from 0 to 127, is increment every 7,8125ms, base for program clock */
char transmitter_tact; /*as "program_tact", base for transmitter clock */
char counter1; /*as transmitter clock, from 0 to 255*/
 
signed char tco[256]; /*array, where positive output from CME6005 is saved */
signed char correlation_function[128]; /*array, in which correlation values are saved
(used in second and minute synchronisation) */
char index_max_correlation_function; /*position of maximum correlation value in array */
signed char tco_decode[60]; /*save bit information */
int value; /*general variable */
 
unsigned int stepmotor_time; /*time in seconds starting at 0:00:00*/
unsigned int stepmotor_position; /*quantity already outputted impulses (used to control impulse output)*/
 
char state; /*state of reception (output by display)*/
char mode; /*set mode */
char counter4, counter5, counter6; /*counters */
char second_receive, second_clock; /*time variables; used by program clock and char
char hour_receive, hour_clock, hour_old, hour_alarm; minute_receive, minute_clock, minute_alarm;
char weekday_receive, weekday_clock; transmitter clock*/
unsigned int day_receive, day_per_year;  
char day_clock;  

char month_receive, month_clock;		  
char year_clock, year_receive;  
 
void main(void); /*main program */
void init_NEC(); /*initialise microcontroller NEC 78P014*/
void init_LCD(); /*initialise LCD*/
void init(); /*variable definitions */
void program_clock(); /*program clock */
void transmitter_clock; /*transmitter clock */
void display(); /*display control */
void alarm(); /*alarm function */
void step_motor(); /*impulse output control */
 
bit second_synchronization(); /*second synchronisation */
bit minute_synchronization(); /*minute synchronisation */
bit check_minute(); /*check minute begin */
bit read_telegram(); /*read telegram */
bit decode(); /*single bit decoding */
bit comparison(); /*comparison of two telegrams */
 
interrupt[INTTM3_vect] void timerinterrupt(); /*clock timer interrupt routine */
interrupt[INTP3_vect] void set_mode(); /*interrupt routine "button Mode" */
interrupt[INTP2_vect] void next(); /*interrupt routine "button Next" /

In the procedures init_NEC(), init_LCD() and init() all micro controller specific and display initialisations as well as all variable definitions are made

The main program (void main ()) starts an endless loop controlling all necessary functions for decoding the time telegram. At the end of the loop it is waited till the begin of next hour. So a reception process takes place once per hour. This is for a real application not a practical value. A reception once in 24 hours is sufficient in a practical design. The request for reception should be started in the early morning somewhere between 2 and 4.
The function "second_synchronization()" is run so often as receiving an insufficient signal. After two unsuccessfully minute synchronisation processes a complete new reception is started. If minute begin was detected, the minute marker is checked in the next minute. Following the bit information can be read and decode. To increase the immunity against reception errors the parity bit are checked and two telegrams are compared. If both receiving telegrams are equal, the program clock is synchronised with the transmitter clock.

The clock timer interrupt routine is regular executed 128 times per second. In one run the counters "program_tact" (0 to 127) and "counter1" (0 to 255) are incremented by one. If "program_tact" is zero, the procedur "program_clock()" is run one time. A variable named "transmitter_tact" goes synchronous to "counter1 (from o to 127 and so long). If "transmitter_tact" goes synchronous to "counter1" (from 0 to 127 and so long). If "transmitter_tact" is equal zero, the procedure "transmitter_clock" is carried out. After that the TCO output from CME6005 is read and saved in array tco[counter1]. Four times per second the current values are written to the display, and eight times per second the procedure "stepmotor()" is carried out.

The two external interrupts are necessary to set the program_clock, which is shown on the display (if reception is sufficient). By increment of variable "mode" (trough pushing button "Mode" and following call for "external interrupt 3") the time variable is set, and so displayed time variable is incremented by one through pushing button "Next".

Both procedures program_clock() and transmitter_clock() almost are identical. Additional in program_clock() the procedure alarm() is called up every minute begin. In every run of the time counter procedures the second variables is incremented by one. If the second variable overflow 59, it is set to zero and the minute variables are incremented by one. This algorithm is worked out for all other time variables.

IN "second_synchronisation()" TCO values for a time of 20 seconds are read (in a rate of 128 per second) and saved. A middle signal curve is built, and so a falling edge (in Japan rising edge) of the carrier can be detected relative certainly (greatest difference between two values). The difference must reach a minimum value to shut out accidents and make sure the following evaluation of the time code signal. After detected the second begin the transmitter clock is synchronised to the second of the transmitter.

"minute_synchronization()" initiates reading TCO values of these parts of second, which marks the minute begin. After determining of best likeness of minute marker and read signal the minute begin of "transmitter_clock" is synchronised with the transmitter. In USA and Japan two reference seconds mark the minute begin.

The minute begin is checked one time. The second (or two), which the minute begin marks, is read and also now a good likness must arise. Is the result negative, a new reception is started.

In function "read_telegram()" it is read 5 (German, UK) or 21 (USA, Japan) TCO values from a range between 100 and 200ms ( German, UK), 200 and 500ms (USA) or 500 and 800ms (Japan) every second. The read values are summed, checked, converted to binary and stored into tco_decode[1...59]. All 5 (21) read values must be equal, because this range has no level change in the telegram send from the transmitter. Here has to be taken care for future additional services from the transmitter- provider, perhaps done in this area. If the values are not equal, a new reception is started.

The decoding of binary values is performed in the function "decode()" in order to the specific code table. The parity bits are evaluated (Germany and GB only) and the decoded time data are checked by plausibility (a 28th hour, for example, is out of range). Are all verifications passed, the "transmitter_clock" is synchronised with the transmitter.

To increase the immunity against reception errors by the function "comparison()" a new telegram is received and compared with the current time and date of the "transmitter_clock". If both data are equal, the return is done by TRUE and "program_clock" is synchronised with "transmitter_clock".

In the procedure "alarm()" the alarm time is compared with the current time of "program_clock". Is the result positive and the level on port 2.0 low (Alarm on) there is an output of high level at port 3.5 for one minute (acoustic signal). A premature finish of the alarm signal is possible through pushing button "Next".

The impulse output for controlling a stepping motor is realised by the procedure "step_motor()" . The variable "stepmotor_time" contains time in seconds starting at 00:00. "stepmotor_position" contains the number of so far outputted impulses at port 3.4. Before start of program the hands of an analogous clock must show 0:00:00. At begin of every second on Port 3.4 the level is changed. The start level of P3.4 is L (o volts). If hand position and current time are different, following solutions are possible: Putting on with 8x speed or putting back through waiting. Waiting is only possible if difference between hand position and current time is maximal three hours.
Note: If current time is before 0 or 12 o'clock, hand position after 0 or 12 o'clock and difference lower than tree hours no

1.1. Control Elements  
     

The control elements have the following meaning:

  • Push-button "Date": display date, so long as button is pushed.
  • Push-button "Alarm time": display alarm time, so long as button is pushed.
  • Push-button "Next": switch off alarm, increment time variable in set mode.
  • Push-button "Mode": switch set mode.
  • Switch "Alarm": switch on/off alarm mode.

 1.2. Display elements  
     

To output time data a LCD is used with 4 lines x 20 characters. The first line informs about in the third line shown the time data. Following kinds of output are possible: "Time", "Date", "Set alarm hour", "Set alarm minute", "Set hour", "Set minute", "Set day", "Set month", "Set year", and "Set weekday" (Germany and UK only). If the time telegram is received, in forth line shows up a "rec." And states the reception: "(I)" for initialisation of the receiver chip and microcontroller, "(S)" for second synchronisation, "(M)" for minute synchronisation, "(C)" for checking detected minute begin, "(R)" for reading and decoding of the time telegram an last "(C)" for comparison of current time of "transmitter_clock" with the time telegram of the next minute. Besides it is shown the time (the date during pushing the button "date") of "transmitter_clock". After successful reception "program_clock" is synchronised and this line is put out.

Make Instructions (Compiler-/Linker-Options)

Source code: brd.c (for example)

Compiler:
Icc78000-v2-ms-rr-W8-z3-L-q-e brd.c-i-a brd.asm-K>aus_comp.txt

Linker:
Xlink brd-f link780-r-G-Y#-o brd -l brd.map - xmse-ZLCD=8000>aus-link.txt
(Note: To generate a hex-file, remove option -r)

Conversion to NEC format
Ubr2xcof brd.d26

 1.3. Definition of Software Modules  
     

The software modules got following names:

Software Module

1. second synchronisation
2. minute synchronisation
3. single bit decoding
4. information decoding
5. display control
6. main program, interrupts, control functions
7. program and transmitter clock
8. alarm function
9. impulse output (for stepper motor)

Receiver version

1. Version for CME6005
2. Version for U4223 (4 bit output)

Country version

1. German transmitter (DCF77)
2. England (MSF)
3. USA (WWVB)
4. Japan (JJY)

Programming Language

1. C
2. qForth

2. Flowchart of the Software for the CME6005